These are tricky. If we treat “mother-in-law”
as a phrasal compound, then the –s plural would go on the head noun as a
suffix. If we say “mother-in-laws” as a plural then either we’re
attaching plural –s to a phrase, making it a clitic, or we’re
treating the compound as a noun stem, in which case –s is a suffix.
I lean towards the latter since these phrasal compounds tend to become stems
over time. The genitive plural “mothers-in-law’s” of
recent polygamous fame, bears out the former analysis, with the plural suffix
on “mother” and the genitive clitic –s on the phrasal
compound. Other examples of phrasal compounds becoming stems would be “nice”
< Latin nescius “foolish, ignorant” and “atonement”
< at+ (one + ment). “onement” goes back to the 14th
c., “atonement” to the early 16th, and the backformation
“atone” to the mid 16th.
Complicating the question of what the –s is is the fact
that we generally can’t pluralize nouns within a compound noun, just the
whole compound, so we can’t say “bookskeeper” but rather “bookkeepers.”
That’s what led me, in a paper that’s taking its time getting
published, to argue that the –s in sportsman, helmsman, gameskeeper, etc.
is a derivational affix, not an inflectional affix. Derivational affixes
can occur within compounds. Inflectional affixes cannot.
Herb
From: Assembly for the
Teaching of English Grammar [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of John
Dews-Alexander
Sent: 2009-05-12 14:07
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: a grammar question
Herb, I know you've studied
clitics extensively; is there any evidence of the English plural marker (-s)
moving away from affix status and toward clitic status?
I ask this because in actual usage, I hear "mother-in-laws" much more
often than I hear "mothers-in-law" for the plural.
As a teacher I offer the wisdom of bowing to style guides, but as a linguist I
get to have more fun and find out what actually happens in language. In
this case, the linguist in me is more intrigued than the teacher.
John Alexander
On Tue, May 12, 2009 at 12:44 PM, STAHLKE, HERBERT F <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
Works only if both husbands have remarried. Otherwise
aren't both mothers-in-law your mother. Could her taste in clothes really
be that bad? And so soon after Mother's Day.
Welcome to the list!
Herb
Herbert F. W. Stahlke, Ph.D.
Emeritus Professor of English
Ball State University
Muncie, IN 47306
[log in to unmask]
________________________________________
From: Assembly for the Teaching of English Grammar [
Visit
ATEG's web site at http://ateg.org/
Visit ATEG's web site at http://ateg.org/