To add another perspective, Pence and Emery called "polls say" an expletive like "I believe" and diagram it above the base sentence to show its being extra to the basic sentence structure. That would suggest its being set off with commas too.
Edith Wollin
-----Original Message-----
From: Martha Kolln [mailto:[log in to unmask]]
Sent: Thursday, May 12, 2005 4:45 PM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Help with parsing
Hi Michael,
That's too fancy for me too. Even though Alonzo and Brainerd
themselves didn't diagram such complicated arrangements, they
certainly could have. And I don't think they would have called that
who-clause an appositive. An appositive, after all, has the same
referent as the noun being renamed. In this case, the noun is a
person; a person can't be renamed by a clause.
I call the who-clause a relative (adjectival) clause. The relative
pronoun itself, "who," is the subject of a nominal clause serving as
the direct object of "polls say." In the R&K diagram, I would
position the clause "polls say who has the lowest rating" below the
subject "President Bush," with the dotted line extending from "PB" to
"who."
I don't think I can render a diagram here--but I'll snail-mail you
one, if you wish.
Martha
>Wow, this is getting too fancy for me. "Who polls say has a lower
>rating" is an appositive? Having shown a Reed-Kellogg of diagram
>of this portion coul you possibly show a diagram of the (abbreviaed)
>whole thing, including "Pres. Bush is making adjustments. . .."?
>Thanks!
>
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Karl Hagen [mailto:[log in to unmask]]
>Sent: Thu 5/12/2005 1:32 PM
>To: [log in to unmask]
>Cc:
>Subject: Re: Help with parsing
>
>It's a supplementary (i.e., nonrestrictive) relative, as well as an
>appositive. It's what Huddleston and Pullum call a "fused relative" --
>that is, the relative element is both the head of the entire appositive
>(which is thus an NP) and the subject of the embedded relative clause.
>
>Karl Hagen
>Department of English
>Mount St. Mary's College
>
>
>Kischner, Michael wrote:
>> Karl:
>>
>> Could you tell me how you see the relation of "Polls say (that) who has
>> a rating" to what I would call the main clause -- "President Bush is
>> making adjustments. . ."?
>>
>> MK
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Karl Hagen [mailto:[log in to unmask]]
>> Sent: Thursday, May 12, 2005 12:47 PM
>> To: [log in to unmask]
>> Subject: Re: Help with parsing
>>
>> The relative clause is embedded inside the content clause, and 'who'
>> comes from the subject of the content clause. It's reasonably common for
>> the relative pronoun to originate inside an embedded clause like this.
>> Ignoring the modifiers of 'rating', a Reed-Kellogg would look something
>> like this (view in a fixed-font):
>>
>>
>> (that)
>> ------
>> .
>> .
>> who | . has | rating
>> ----+---------------
>> |
>> |
>> polls | say | / \
>> -------+------------
>> |
>>
>> Karl Hagen
>> Department of English
>> Mount St. Mary's College
>>
>>
>> Kischner, Michael wrote:
>>
>>>A colleague asked about this sentence:
>>>
>>> "President Bush, who polls say has the lowest approval rating any
>>>second-term President, is making adjustments to his Social Security
>>>proposal."
>>>
>>>The "who" seems to introduce a relative (adjectival) clause, but that
>>>"who" also seems to introduce the noun clause that's the direct object
>>
>>
>>>of "Polls say." I guess the question is about the "Polls say" clause.
>>>I can't make a Reed-Kellogg diagram of it work.
>>>
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>>>
>>
>>
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>
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>
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