On another list (ADDICT-L) we have been sporadically discussing the origin in the alcohol/other drug treatment world of the term "enabling" (noun, "enabler"). There has been one post attributing it to a Father Joseph Kellerman who purportedly wrote a pamphlet in the 1970s on "denial" as an obstacle to treatment. I wonder if anyone on this list has run across any references to this term in their readings at any earlier date. It does not appear to have originated in any of the early AA literature, and so appears to be more recent. One of the ADDICT-L people attributed to the biblical story about two brothers Cain an'Abel :-). Any thoughts? Fred Fred Rotgers, Psy.D. Center of Alcohol Studies Rutgers University